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Asian Review of Financial Research Vol.39 No.1 pp.125-170 https://www.doi.org/10.37197/ARFR.2026.39.1.4
Does the Mandatory Bid Rule Discourage Acquisitions above the Threshold?
Yongjoon Lee Stephen M. Ross School of Business, University of Michigan
Bushik Kim Korea University Business School
Woochan Kim Korea University Business School
Key Words : Corporate takeovers,Equal opportunity rule,Mandatory bid rule,Cost of acquisition,Control premium,Private benefits of control,Post-block trade ownership,Deal frequency

Abstract

Our study challenges the belief that the mandatory bid rule (MBR) raises acquisition costs and deters takeovers. Leveraging the staggered adoptions of the mandatory bid rule (MBR) globally, we find that the MBR reduces the control premium, a key component of acquisition costs. Moreover, evidence does not support the claim that MBR discourages acquisitions above the threshold. While post-MBR ownership levels from block trades decline slightly, the likelihood of crossing the threshold remains unchanged. In the U.K., private deals above the threshold are fewer than below, but this gap is even larger in the U.S., which does not have an MBR.
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